Potentiel des systèmes multi-agents dans les chaînes logistiques à l’ère de l’industrie 4.0
Mots-clés :
Systèmes multi-agents, Logistique, Supply chain management, Industrie 4.0Résumé
Dans un contexte logistique de plus en plus complexe et incertain, les systèmes multi-agents (SMA) s’imposent comme une solution innovante pour répondre aux défis de l’Industrie 4.0. Cet article retrace l’évolution historique des SMA, depuis leurs origines dans l’intelligence artificielle distribuée des années 1970, jusqu’à leur maturité actuelle marquée par la standardisation et l’émergence de plateformes robustes. Il met en lumière la pertinence croissante des SMA pour la gestion de la chaîne logistique, grâce à leur capacité à modéliser, coordonner et optimiser des réseaux d’acteurs autonomes. À travers une revue des applications et des études de cas, l’article tente de démontrer comment les SMA offrent flexibilité, résilience et performance face aux exigences contemporaines. Enfin, il identifie les défis managériaux et les perspectives d’avenir, soulignant leur rôle clé dans la transformation digitale des organisations industrielles.
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