L'engagement des franchisés en temps de crise : le rôle de l'équité et du capital marque
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.53102/2026.40.01.1206Mots-clés :
franchise, satisfaction, engagement, capital marque, équité, temps de criseRésumé
La pandémie de COVID-19 a rendu nécessaire la reconstruction des relations commerciales internationales. Pour atteindre cet objectif, l'engagement des partenaires commerciaux internationaux en temps de crise est crucial. L'objectif de cet article est d'étudier les effets modérateurs du capital marque internationale et de l'équité procédurale sur les relations entre les dimensions de la satisfaction des franchisés et leur engagement relationnel. Une enquête a été réalisée auprès de 243 franchisés dans le réseau international de transfert d'argent en Côte d'Ivoire, un pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Le modèle conceptuel a été estimé à l'aide de la méthode des moindres carrés partiels et de la modélisation des équations structurelles (PLS-SEM). Dans l'ensemble, cet article révèle que seule la satisfaction sociale a une influence positive sur l'engagement relationnel des franchisés et que le capital marque renforce la relation entre les dimensions de la satisfaction des franchisés et leur engagement relationnel. Cependant, l'équité procédurale n'améliore que la relation entre la satisfaction sociale des franchisés et leur engagement. Par conséquent, les franchiseurs doivent faire davantage pour promouvoir une relation forte entre les franchisés et la marque de franchise qui représente un investissement spécifique. Des procédures équitables des franchiseurs pourraient permettre de conserver les meilleurs franchisés en temps de crise.
Références
Aaker, D. (1996). Building strong brands. Free Press, New York, NY, p. 150.
Ageron B. et Lavastre O. (2015). L'innovation managériale dans le supply chain management: étude des facteurs d'influence. Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle, 34(4), doi: https://doi.org/10.53102/2015.34.04.832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53102/2015.34.04.832
Akter, S., Fosso Wamba, S., & Dewan, S. (2017). Why PLS-SEM is suitable for complex modeling? An empirical illustration in Big Data Analytics Quality. Production Planning and Control, 28 (11-12), 1011-1021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2016.1267411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2016.1267411
Allen, N., J., & Meyer, J., P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 69(3), 1-18, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.75.6.710. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
Amis, J., M., & Janz, B., D. (2020). Leading Change in Response to COVID-19. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 56(3) 272–278, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886320936703. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886320936703
Anderson, E., & Weitz, B. (1992). The uses of pledges to build and sustain commitment in distribution channels. Journal of Marketing Research, 29(1), 18-34, doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3172490. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379202900103
Anderson, J., C., & Narus, J., A. (1990). A model of distributor firm and manufacturer firm working partnerships. Journal of Marketing, 54(1), 42-58, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1252172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299005400103
Anselmi, K. (2000). A brand’s advertising and promotion allocation strategy: The role of the manufacturer’s relationship with distributors as moderated by relative market share. Journal of Business Research, 48(2), 113-122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(98)00115-5
Antai I, Eze NL (2023). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business-to-business relationships in digital ecosystems: An African perspective. Information Technology & People, 36(8), 69–93, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-05-2022-0346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-05-2022-0346
Badrinarayanan, V., Suh, T., & Kim, K.-M. (2016). Brand resonance in franchise relationships: A franchisee-based perspective. Journal of Business Research, 69(10), 3943-3950, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.06.005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.06.005
Baucus, D., Baucus, M., & Human, S. (1996). Consensus in franchise organizations: A cooperative arrangement among entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 11(5), 359-378, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(96)00055-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(96)00055-9
Blau, P., M. (1968). Interaction : Social exchange. International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, 7, 452-458.
Bretas, V., P., G., & Alon, I. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on franchising in emerging markets: An example from Brazil, Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 9999(9999):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.22053. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.22053
Brodie, R., J., Fehrer, J., A., Jaakkola, E., & Conduit, J. (2019). Actor engagement in networks: Defining the conceptual domain. Journal of Service Research, 22(2), 173-188, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670519827385. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670519827385
Byrne, Z., S., & Miller, B., K. (2009). Is Justice the Same for Everyone? Examining fairness items using multiple-group analysis. Journal of Business and Psychology, 24(1), 51-64, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/s10869-009-9091-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9091-7
Bui, T., T., H., Jambulingam, M., & Nguyen, M., A. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on franchise performance from franchisee perspectives: the role of entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation and franchisor support. Journal of Sustainable Finance and Investment, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2021.1891787. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2021.1891787
Calderon-Monge, E., & Huerta-Zavala, P. (2014). Brand and performance signals in the choice of franchise opportunities. The Service Industries Journal, 34(9-10), 772-787, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2014.905920. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2014.905920
Casidy, R., & Mohan, M. (2025). Re-examining B2B calculative commitment and its impact on willingness-to-pay a premium price. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 40(12), 2310-2324, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-10-2024-0785. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-10-2024-0785
Chang, S. H., Wang, K. Y., Chih, W. H., & Tsai, W. H. (2012). Building customer commitment in business-to-business markets. Industrial marketing management, 41(6), 940-950, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.11.026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.11.026
Chiou, J., S., Hsieh, C.-H., & Yang, C.-H. (2004). The effect of franchisors’ communication, service assistance and competitive advantage on franchisees’ intentions to remain in the franchise system. Journal of small business management, 42(1), 19-36, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2004.00095.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2004.00095.x
Chiou, J., Wu, L., & Chuang, M. (2010). Antecedents of retailer loyalty: Simultaneously investigating channel push and consumer pull effects. Journal of Business Research, 63(4), 431-438, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.04.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.04.001
Colla, E., Ruiz-Molina, M. E., Chastenet De Gery, C., Schultz, M., Deparis, M., & Lemmet, L. (2019). Understanding franchisee performance: The role of the franchisee’s autonomy, affective commitment to the network and innovativeness. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 47(7), 733-751, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-10-2017-0232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-10-2017-0232
Constantaras, M. T., Mostert, P., & Svensson, G. (2025a). Antecedents of economic and non-economic satisfaction in a franchise context. International Journal of Enterprise Network Management, 16(1), 88-107, doi: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJENM.2025.144617. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJENM.2025.144617
Constantaras, M. T., Mostert, P., & Svensson, G. (2025b). The interrelationship between economic satisfaction, trust, commitment, and non-economic satisfaction in franchisee-franchisor relationships. International Journal of Procurement Management, 24(4), 534-551, doi: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPM.2024.10067862. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPM.2025.149952
Contractor, F., J., & Kundu, S., K. (1998). Modal choice in a world of alliances: analyzing organizational forms in the international hotel sector. Journal of International Business Studies, 29(2), 325-358, doi: https://doi.org/10.3917/mama.022.0004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490039
Colquitt, J., A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validity of a measure. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 386-400, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386
Cook, K., S., & Emerson R., M. (1978). Power, Equity and Commitment in Exchange Networks. American Sociological Review, 43, 721-39, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2094546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2094546
Cortez, R. M., & Johnston, W. J. (2020). The Coronavirus crisis in B2B settings: Crisis uniqueness and managerial implications based on social exchange theory. Industrial Marketing Management, 88, 125-135, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.004
Crass, D., Czarnitzki, D., & Tool, A. (2019). The dynamic relationship between investments in brand equity and firm profitability: Evidence using trademark registrations. International journal of the economics of business. 26(1), 157–176, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2019.1553292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2019.1553292
Croonen, E. (2010). Trust and fairness during strategic change processes in franchise systems. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(2), 191-209, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0354-z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0354-z
Curhan, R., C., & Kopp, R., J. (1987). Obtaining retailer support for trade deals. Journal of Advertising Research, 27(6), 51-60, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00218499.1987.12467778. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00218499.1987.12467778
Dalessandro C. and Lovell A. (2024). The Pandemic-Stratified Workplace: Workspace, Employee Sense of Belonging, and Inequalities at Work. SAGE Open, (January-March), 1–11, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241228909. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241228909
Dant, R., J., Jeon H., J., Mumdziev, N., & Windsperger, J. (2016). A cross-national comparison of brand perceptions of global franchise chains in the BRICS, Journal of Marketing Channels, 23, 196-216, doi: https://doi.org/10.33423/jabe.v27i3.7654. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1046669X.2016.1224304
Dung, T., T., T. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic impact on Franchise industry and Franchise dispute resolution. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 486, 239-244, doi: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201105.043. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201105.043
Davies, M., Lassar, W., Manolis, C., Prince, M., & Winsor, R. (2011). A model of trust and compliance in franchise relationships. Journal of Business Venturing, 26, 321-340, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.09.005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.09.005
Davis, D., F., & Mentzer, J., T. (2008). Relational resources in interorganizational exchange: The effects of trade equity and brand equity. Journal of Retailing, 84(4), 435-448, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2008.08.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2008.08.002
Derrouiche, R. (2025). Bridging Scientific Rigor and Managerial Relevance: Methodological Innovations and Global Perspectives in Industrial Management. Revue Française De Gestion Industrielle, 39(3). https://doi.org/10.53102/2025.39.03.1276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53102/2025.39.03.1276 [RFGI]
Doan, K., Carrino, S., & Rota, M. (2025). Supply Chain Management in times of COVID-19. An exploratory study in Switzerland. Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle, 39, doi: https://doi.org/10.53102/2025.39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53102/2025.39.04.1226 [RFGI]
Doney, P., M., Cannon, J., P., & Mulien, M., R. (1998). Understanding the influence of national culture on the development of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 601-620, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/259297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/259297
Dwyer, F., R. (1980). Channel member satisfaction: laboratory insights. Journal of Retailing, 56(2), 45-65.
Dwyer, F., R., Schurr, P., H., & Oh, S. (1987). Developing buyer-seller relationships. Journal of Marketing, 51(2), 11-27, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/1251126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298705100202
Dyne, L., N., V., & Pierce, J., L. (2004). Psychological ownership: A conceptual and operational exploration, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 4, 439–459, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.249
Ekman, P., Rondell, J., G., Anastasiadou, E., Kowalkowski, C., Raggio R. D., & Thompson S. M. (2021). Business actor engagement: Exploring its antecedents and types. Industrial Marketing Management, 98, 179-192, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2021.08.009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2021.08.009
El-Ansary, A., & Stern, L. (1972). Power Measurement in the Distribution Channel, Journal of Marketing Research, 9, February, 47-52, doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3149605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377200900110
Elango, B. (2019). A bibliometric analysis of franchising research. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 28(2), 223-249, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0971355719851897. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0971355719851897
El Baz, J. Tiwari, S., Akenroye, T., Cherrafi,A., Derrouiche, R., (2022), A framework of sustainability drivers and externalities for Industry 4.0 technologies using the Best-Worst Method, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 344, 2022, 130909, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130909 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130909
El Ouarrak, Y., Hmioui, A., Derrouiche, R., Rajouani, B. (2025). Insights into the Impact of Supply Chain Risk Management on Performance: A Systematic Review. In: El Khoury, R. (eds) The Future of Work: How Technology is Transforming Jobs and Skills. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 291. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-87372-0_95 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-87372-0_95
Emerson, R., M. (1962). Power-dependence relations. American Sociological Review, 27(1), 31-41, doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2089716. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2089716
Emerson, R., M. (1976). Social exchange theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2, 335-362, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.so.02.080176.002003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.02.080176.002003
Falbe, C., M., & Welsh, D., H., B. (1998). NAFTA and franchising: a comparison of franchisor perceptions of characteristics associated with franchisee success and failure in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Journal of Business Venturing, 13, 151-171, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00068-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00068-2
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-50, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Fournaris, C., T., & Burstein, R., S. (2022). The potential impact of COVID-19 on franchise lost profits claims. Franchise Law Journal. 41(3), 309-330.
Frazer, L., Merrilees, B., & Wright, O. (2007). Power and control in the franchise network:
an investigation of ex-franchisees and brand piracy. Journal of Marketing Management, 23(9-10), 1037-1054, doi: https://doi.org/10.1362/026725707X250458. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1362/026725707X250458
Frazer, L., & Merrilees B. (2012). Pioneering Asian franchise brands: Pho24 in Vietnam, Journal of Marketing Channels, 19, 295–309, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1046669X.2012.700264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1046669X.2012.700264
Frazier, G., L. (1983). Interorganizational exchange behavior in marketing channels: a broadened perspective. Journal of Marketing, 47, 68-78, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298304700408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298304700408
Frazier, G., L., Gill, J., D., & Kale, S., H. (1989). Dealer dependence levels and reciprocal actions in a channel of distribution in a developing country. Journal of Marketing, 53(1), 50-69, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298905300105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298905300105
Frazier, G., L., & Rody, R., C. (1991). The use of influence strategies in interfirm relationships in industrial product channels. Journal of Marketing, 55(1), 52-69, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/1252203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299105500105
Ganesan, S. (1994). Determinants of long-term orientation in buyer-seller relationships. Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 1-19, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/1252265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800201
Garbarino, E., & Johnson, M., S. (1999). The different roles of satisfaction, trust, and commitment in customer relationships. Journal of Marketing, 63(2), 70-87, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/1251946. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299906300205
Gaski, J., F., & Nevin, J., R. (1985). The differential effects of exercised and unexercised power sources in a marketing channel. Journal of Marketing Research, 22(2), 130-142, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/3151359. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378502200203
Geyskens, I., & Steenkamp, J.-B., E., M. (2000). Economic and social satisfaction: Measurement and Relevance Channel Relationships. Journal of Retailing, 76(1), 11-32, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(99)00021-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(99)00021-4
Geyskens, I., Steenkamp, J.-B., E., M., & Kumar, N. (1999). A meta-Analysis of Satisfaction in Marketing Channel Relationships. Journal of Marketing Research, 36(2), 223-238, doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3152095. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379903600207
Gillis, W., & Combs, J. (2009). Franchisor strategy and firm performance: making the most of strategic resource investments. Business Horizons, 52(6), 553-561, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.07.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.07.001
Glynn, M., S. (2010). The moderating effect of brand strength in manufacturer–reseller relationships. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(8), 1226-1233, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.02.019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.02.019
Glynn, M., S., Brodie, R., J., & Motion, J. (2012). The benefits of manufacturer brands to retailers. European Journal of Marketing, 46(9), 1127-1149, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561211247856. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561211247856
Goaill, M., M., Perumal, S., & Noor, N., A., M. (2014). The impact of retailer’s economic and Social Satisfaction on Its commitment, and the moderating effect of Manufacturer Brands’ Strength. Asian Social Science, 10(8), 140-155, doi: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n8p140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n8p140
Grace, D., & Weaven, S. (2011). An empirical analysis of franchise value-in-use, investment risk and relational satisfaction. Journal of Retailing, 87(3), 366-380, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2010.06.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2010.06.001
Grace, A., Frazer, L., Weaven, S., Perkins, H., Shao, W., & Nyadzayo, M. (2023). Franchisee advisory councils and justice: franchisees finding their voice. In Relationship Marketing in Franchising and Retailing, (pp. 89-108). Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003364351-6
Greeberg, J. (1987). A taxonomy of organizational justice theories. Academy of Management Review, 12, 9-22, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/257990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/257990
Guenther, M., & Guenther, P. (2020). Is advertising an underappreciated driver of sales growth in B2B markets? Theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence. Industrial Marketing Management, 87, 76-89, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.02.019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.02.019
Gundlach, G., T., Achrol R., S., & Mentzer J., T. (1995). The structure of commitment in exchange. Journal of Marketing, 59(1), 78-92, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/1252016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299505900107
Hair, J., F., Hult, G., T., M., Ringle, C., M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). 2nd Edition, Sage Publications Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA.
Harmon, T., & Griffiths, M. (2008). Franchise relationship value: Implications for behavioral and performance outcomes. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 23(4), 256-263, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/08858620810865834. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/08858620810865834
Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., & Gremler, D., D. (2002). Understanding relationship marketing outcomes: an integration of relational benefits and relationship quality. Journal of Service Research, 4(3), 230-247, https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670502004003006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670502004003006
Hing, N. (1996). An empirical analysis of the benefits and limitations for restaurant franchisees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 15(2), 177-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4319(96)00003-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4319(96)00003-5
Human, G., Laubscher, N. (2025). Relationship insecurity and dark-side behaviours in business-to-business relationships. Industrial Marketing Management, 128, 131–149, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2025.06.005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2025.06.005
Inma, C., & Debowski, S. (2006). Analysis of franchise performance through use of a typology: An Australian investigation. Singapore Management Review, 28(2), 1-30, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2011.10.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2011.10.002
Jang, S., & Park, K., A. (2019). Sustainable franchisor-franchisee relationship model: Toward the franchise win-win theory. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76: 13-24, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.004
Jarvis, C., B., Mackenzie, S., B., & Podsakoff, P., M. (2003). A Critical Review of Construct Indicators and Measurement Model Specification in Marketing and Consumer Research. Journal of Consumer Research, 30(2),199-218, doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/376806. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/376806
Jeong, M., & Oh, H. (2017). Business-to-business social exchange relationship beyond trust and commitment. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 65, 115-124, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.06.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.06.004
Jnaneswar, K., & Ranjit, G. (2021). Organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviour: the mediating role of psychological ownership. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 9(1), 1-19, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09450. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-01-2021-0012
Jöreskog, K., G., & Wold, H., O., A. (1982). The ML and PLS techniques for modeling
with latent variables: historical and comparative aspects. In K. G. Jöreskog & H. O. A. Wold (Eds.), Systems under indirect observations, Part 1 (pp. 263-270). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
Publisher.
Keller, K., L. (2003). Strategic brand management: Building, measuring, and managing brand equity. Upper Saddle River, 2nd ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Kim, H. S. (2018). Impacts of economic satisfaction and social satisfaction of franchisee on commitment and loyalty to franchisor. The Korean Journal of Franchise Management, 9(4), 21-31, doi: https://doi.org/10.21871/KJFM.2018.12.9.4.21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21871/KJFM.2018.12.9.4.21
King, C., Grace, D., & Weaven, S. (2013). Developing brand champions: A franchisee perspective. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(11-12), 1308-1336, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2013.796322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2013.796322
Knight, R., M. (1986). Franchising from the franchisor and franchisee points of view. Journal of Small Business Management, 24(3), 8-15.
Krishnan, R., Martin, X., & Noorderhaven, N., G. (2006). When Does Trust Matter to Alliance Performance? Academy of Management Journal, 49(5), 894-917, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.5465/AMJ.2006.22798171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.22798171
Kumar, N., Scheer, L., K., & Steenkamp, J.-B., E., M. (1995). The effects of supplier fairness on vulnerable resellers. Journal of Marketing Research, 32(1), 54-65, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/3152110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379503200107
Lee, J. E., & Lee, S. S. (2022). The Mediating Effects of Relationship Fairness Between Franchisors’ Support Service and Performance in Food Service Franchises. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 32(4), 96-111, doi: https://doi.org/10.53703/001c.36281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53703/001c.36281
Lee, J. E., & Lee, S. S. (2021). Effects of fairness on relationship quality and re-contract intention in food service franchise system: comparison between global and domestic franchise. Management Research Review, 44(3), 509-532, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-12-2019-0546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-12-2019-0546
Li, Y.; & Joo, J. (2023). The mediating effect of psychological ownership on the relationship between value co-creation and the in-app purchasing intention of mobile games players. Behavioral Science,13, 205, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105659. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13030205
López-Fernández, B., & López-Bayón, S. (2018). Antecedents of early terminations in franchising: franchisor versus franchisee cancelations. Small Business Economics, 50(4), 677-695, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9889-z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9889-z
Macneil, R. (1980). The new social contract. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Magnoni F. (2016). The effect of downward line extension on brand trust and brand attachment. Recherche et Application en Marketing (English Edition), 3(1), 2-25, doi : https://doi.org/10.1177/2051570715626375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2051570715626375
Makaoui N., Nagait H., and Paché G. (2014). Proposition d'une échelle de mesure multidimensionnelle de l'engagement en contexte inter-organisationnel. Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle, 33, 2, doi : https://doi.org/10.53102/2014.33.02.775. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53102/2014.33.02.775
Meek, W., M., Davis-Sramek, B., Baucus, M., S., & Germain, R., N. (2011). Commitment in Franchising: The Role of Collaborative Communication and a Franchisee’s Propensity to Leave. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, May, 559-581, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00445.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00445.x
Michael, S., C., & Combs, J. G. (2008). Entrepreneurial Failure: the case of franchisees. Journal of Small Business Management, 46(1), 73-90, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2007.00232.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2007.00232.x
Mignonac, K., Vandenberghe, C., Perrigot, R., El Akremi, A., and Herrbach, O. (2015). A multi-study investigation of outcomes of franchisees’ affective commitment to their franchise organization. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, May, 461-488, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12050. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12050
Mohd, H-H., & Jun, L. (2014). Franchisee satisfaction of goal attainment: a discovery of hierarcy of entrepreneur goals. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 6, 243-267, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-07-2014-0024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-07-2014-0024
Morgan, R., & Hunt, S. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of marketing research, 58(3), 20-38, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1252308. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800302
Naatu, F., & Alon, I. (2019). Social franchising: A bibliometric and theoretical review. Journal of Promotion Management, 25(5), 738-764, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2019.1584777. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2019.1584777
Narteh, B. (2018). Brand equity and financial performance: The moderating role of brand likeability. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 36(3), 381-395, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-05-2017-0098. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-05-2017-0098
Nyadzayo, M., W., Matanda, M., J., & Ewing, M., T. (2011). Brand relationships and brand equity in franchising. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(7), 1103-1115, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.09.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.09.004
Nyadzayo, M., W., Matanda, M., J., & Ewing, M., T. (2016). Franchisee-based brand equity: The role of brand relationship quality and brand citizenship behavior. Industrial Marketing Management, 52, 163-174, doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.07.008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.07.008
Nyadzayo, M., Matanda, M., & Rajaguru, R. (2018). The determinants of franchise brand loyalty in B2B markets: An emerging market perspective. Journal Business Research, 86, 435-445, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2017.09.015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.09.015
Pitt, L., Napoli, J. & Van der Merwe, R. (2003). Managing the franchised brand: the franchisees’ perspective. Journal of Brand Management, 10(6), 411-420, https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540138
Putra, A. R., Hardyansah, R., & Wibowo, A. S. (2022). Ethical Foundations of Franchisor-Franchisee Relationships and Their Influence on Business Performance Outcomes Across Franchise Systems. Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(2), 279-284, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2020.1733052. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2020.1733052
Rodríguez, G., Pére, S., & Gutiérrez, T. (2005). Dependence as a moderator in the relationship between franchisors and franchisees: the case of services franchises. Journal of Marketing Channels, 13(2), 3-27, doi: https://doi.org/10.1300/J049v13n02_02. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J049v13n02_02
Rylander, D., Strutton, D., & Pelton, L. (1997). Toward a synthesized framework of relational commitment: implications for marketing channel Theory and Practice. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 5(2), 93-214, doi: https://doi.org/10.22598/mt/2019.31.2.209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.1997.11501765
Shaikh, A., Sharma, D., Vijayalakshmi, A., & Yadav, R. S. (2018). Fairness in franchisor–franchisee Relationship: an integrative perspective. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 33(4), 550-562, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-04-2017-0093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-04-2017-0093
Shaikh, A. (2016). Conceptualizing fairness in franchisor–franchisee relationship: Dimensions, definitions and preliminary construction of scale. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 28, 28-35, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.08.010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.08.010
Shane, S., & Spell, C. (1998). Factors for new franchise success. Sloan Management Review, 39(3), 43-50.
Shockley, J., & Turner, T. (2016). A relational performance model for developing innovation and long-term orientation in retail franchise organizations. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 32, 175-188, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.06.013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.06.013
Sivadas, E., Holmes, T., L., & Dwyer, F., R. (2012). Inter-organizational information systems and business-to-business relationships: System characteristics, assistance, performance, satisfaction, and commitment model. Journal of Marketing Channels, 19(1), 17-48, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1046669X.2012.635369. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1046669X.2012.635369
Stern, L., W., & Reve, T. (1980). Distribution channels as political economies: A framework for comparative analysis. Journal of Marketing, 44, 52-64, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298004400306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298004400306
Sung, M., & Ryu, S. (2025). Fairness as a mediator between network density and relationship performance: the moderating role of transaction-specific investment. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 40(9), 1892-1905, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-12-2024-0991. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-12-2024-0991
Thibaut, J., & Walker, L. (1975). Procedural justice: a psychological analysis. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Thibaut, J., W., & Kelley, H., H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Tian, B., Fu, J., Xu, Y., & Li, J. (2025). Effects of justice perception on contractor value co-creation behavior in infrastructure megaprojects: the mediating role of psychological ownership. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-07-2023-0698. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-07-2023-0698
Ting, L., & Ahn, J. (2024). Antecedents and consequences of franchisee interaction in a food service setting. Current Psychology, 43(27), 22820-22830, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06019-z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06019-z
Ting, L., & Ahn, J. (2023). The impact of economic exchange, social exchange, mutual interest, and self-interest on franchisees’ behaviour. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 34(11–12), 1579–1597, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2023.2190880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2023.2190880
Wang, J., Grunhagen, M., Ji, L., & Zhang, X. (2020). Conflict aftermath: Dispute resolution and financial performance in franchising. Journal of Retailing, 96(4), 548-562, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2020.03.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2020.03.001
Watson, A., & Johnson, R. (2010). Managing the franchisor-franchisee relationship: A relationship marketing perspective. Journal of Marketing Channels, 17(1), 51-68, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10466690903436305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10466690903436305
Wu, C. (2015). Antecedents of franchise strategy and performance. Journal of Business Research, 68(7), 1581-1588, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.055. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.055
Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lee, S. (2000). An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 195-211, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070300282002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070300282002
Zafari K, Biggemann S, Garry, T (2023). Development of business-to-business relationships in turbulent environments. Industrial Marketing Management, 111, 1–18, doi : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2023.03.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2023.03.002
Zafari K., Biggemann S. and Garry T. (2020). Mindful management of relationships during periods of crises: A model of trust, doubt and relational adjustments. Industrial Marketing Management, 88, 278-286, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.026
Téléchargements
Publiée
Soumis
Comment citer
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Tous droits réservés Revue Française de Gestion Industrielle 2026
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
Statistiques
